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What Happens to the Spirit When We Become Born Again

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This commodity is almost the Christian term. For other uses, see Born Again.

Evangelical Christian term

Built-in again, or to experience the new birth, is a phrase, specially in evangelicalism, that refers to a "spiritual rebirth", or a regeneration of the human spirit. In dissimilarity to one's physical birth, being "built-in once again" is distinctly and separately caused past baptism in the Holy Spirit, it is not caused past baptism in water. It is a core doctrine of the denominations of the Methodist, Quaker, Baptist, and Pentecostal Churches along with all other evangelical Christian denominations. All of these Churches strongly believe Jesus' words in the Gospels: "You must be built-in again before you lot tin see, or enter, the Kingdom of Sky." Their doctrines likewise mandate that to exist both "born again" and "saved", one must accept a personal and intimate relationship with Jesus Christ.[1] [2] [three] [iv] [5] [6]

In contemporary Christian usage and apart from evangelicalism, the term is distinct from similar terms which are sometimes used in Christianity in reference to a person who is beingness or becoming a Christian. This usage of the term is usually linked to baptism with water and the related doctrine of baptismal regeneration. Individuals who profess to exist "born again" (meaning in the "Holy Spirit") ofttimes country that they have a "personal relationship with Jesus Christ".[7] [5] [6]

In improver to using this phrase with those who do not profess to be Christians, some Evangelical Christians use the phrase and evangelize those who belong to other Christian denominations or groups. This practice is based on the belief that non-Evangelical Christians, even those Christians who are professed Christians, are non "born again" and exercise not have a "personal human relationship with Jesus." They therefore believe that they should evangelize to non-Evangelical Christians in the same way that they would deliver to people who do not profess the Christian faith.

The phrase "born once more" is likewise used as an adjective to depict individual members of the movement who espouse this belief, and it is too used equally an adjective to describe the movement itself ("born-once more Christian" and the "born-over again movement").

Origin [edit]

Jesus and Nicodemus painting by Alexander Bida, 1874

The term is derived from an outcome in the Gospel of John in which the words of Jesus were not understood by a Jewish pharisee, Nicodemus.

Jesus replied, "Very truly I tell you lot, no one tin can see the kingdom of God unless they are built-in once again." "How can someone exist born when they are sometime?" Nicodemus asked. "Surely they cannot enter a second time into their mother's womb to be born!" Jesus answered, "Very truly I tell you, no one can enter the kingdom of God unless they are born of water and the Spirit."

—Gospel of John, John chapter 3, verses 3–5, NIV[8]

The Gospel of John was written in Koine Greek, and the original text is ambiguous which results in a double entendre that Nicodemus misunderstands. The discussion translated as again is ἄνωθεν (ánōtʰen), which could mean either "over again", or "from above".[9] The double entendre is a figure of speech that the gospel writer uses to create bewilderment or misunderstanding in the hearer; the misunderstanding is so clarified by either Jesus or the narrator. Nicodemus takes only the literal meaning from Jesus's argument, while Jesus clarifies that he means more of a spiritual rebirth from above. English translations have to pick one sense of the phrase or another; the NIV, Rex James Version, and Revised Version utilise "born once more", while the New Revised Standard Version[10] and the New English language Translation[11] prefer the "born from in a higher place" translation.[12] Most versions will notation the alternative sense of the phrase anōthen in a footnote.

Edwyn Hoskyns argues that "born from above" is to exist preferred as the central meaning and he drew attention to phrases such as "birth of the Spirit",[13] "birth from God",[14] but maintains that this necessarily carries with it an emphasis upon the newness of the life every bit given by God himself.[15]

The final use of the phrase occurs in the First Epistle of Peter, rendered in the King James Version equally:

Seeing ye take purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned dearest of the brethren, [meet that ye] love 1 another with a pure middle fervently: / Existence born again, not of corruptible seed, merely of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for e'er.

—1 Peter 1:22-23[sixteen]

Hither, the Greek word translated as "born again" is ἀναγεγεννημένοι ( anagegennēménoi ).[17]

Interpretations [edit]

The traditional Jewish understanding of the promise of salvation is interpreted every bit existence rooted in "the seed of Abraham"; that is, concrete lineage from Abraham. Jesus explained to Nicodemus that this doctrine was in fault—that every person must take ii births—natural nascency of the physical torso and another of the water and the spirit.[18] This discourse with Nicodemus established the Christian conventionalities that all human beings—whether Jew or Gentile—must be "born again" of the spiritual seed of Christ. The Apostle Peter further reinforced this agreement in 1 Peter 1:23.[19] [17] The Catholic Encyclopedia states that "[a] controversy existed in the primitive church building over the interpretation of the expression the seed of Abraham. It is [the Apostle Paul's] education in one instance that all who are Christ's by faith are Abraham's seed, and heirs co-ordinate to promise. He is concerned, however, with the fact that the promise is not being fulfilled to the seed of Abraham (referring to the Jews)."[xx]

Charles Hodge writes that "The subjective modify wrought in the soul past the grace of God, is variously designated in Scripture" with terms such as new nascence, resurrection, new life, new creation, renewing of the mind, dying to sin and living to righteousness, and translation from darkness to light.[21]

Jesus used the "nativity" analogy in tracing spiritual newness of life to a divine kickoff. Gimmicky Christian theologians have provided explanations for "born from to a higher place" existence a more than accurate translation of the original Greek word transliterated anōthen. [22] Theologian Frank Stagg cites two reasons why the newer translation is significant:

  1. The accent "from above" (implying "from Heaven") calls attention to the source of the "newness of life". Stagg writes that the word "again" does not include the source of the new kind of beginning;
  2. More than personal improvement is needed. "a new destiny requires a new origin, and the new origin must exist from God."[23]

An early example of the term in its more than mod use appears in the sermons of John Wesley. In the sermon entitled A New Nativity he writes, "none tin exist holy unless he be born again", and "except he be born again, none tin exist happy even in this world. For ... a man should non exist happy who is not holy." Also, "I say, [a man] may be built-in again so go an heir of salvation." Wesley also states infants who are baptized are born again, only for adults it is different:

our church supposes, that all who are baptized in their infancy, are at the same fourth dimension born once again. ... But ... it is sure all of riper years, who are baptized, are not at the aforementioned time built-in again.[24]

A Unitarian work called The Gospel Anchor noted in the 1830s that the phrase was not mentioned by the other Evangelists, nor past the Apostles except Peter. "Information technology was non regarded past whatsoever of the Evangelists but John of sufficient importance to record." It adds that without John, "we should inappreciably have known that it was necessary for one to exist born again." This suggests that "the text and context was meant to apply to Nicodemus particularly, and not to the world."[25]

Historicity [edit]

Scholars of historical Jesus, that is, attempting to ascertain how closely the stories of Jesus lucifer the historical events they are based on, generally treat Jesus's conversation with Nicodemus in John 3 with skepticism. It details what is presumably a private conversation betwixt Jesus and Nicodemus, with none of the disciples seemingly attention, making it unclear how a record of this chat was acquired. In addition, the chat is recorded in no other ancient Christian source other than John and works based on John.[26] According to Bart Ehrman, the larger issue is that the aforementioned problem English translations of the Bible have with the Greek ἄνωθεν (anōthen) is a problem in the Aramaic language as well: there is no unmarried word in Aramaic that means both "again" and "from in a higher place", still the conversation rests on Nicodemus making this misunderstanding.[27] Every bit the conversation was between two Jews in Jerusalem, where Aramaic was the native language, there is no reason to recall that they'd have spoken in Greek.[26] This implies that fifty-fifty if based on a real chat, the author of John heavily modified information technology to include Greek wordplay and idiom.[26]

Denominational positions [edit]

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics notes: "The GSS ... has asked a born-once again question on three occasions ... 'Would yous say you accept been 'built-in over again' or accept had a 'born-again' experience?" The Handbook says that "Evangelical, black, and Latino Protestants tend to reply similarly, with about two-thirds of each group answering in the affirmative. In contrast, only about i third of mainline Protestants and one 6th of Catholics (Anglo and Latino) merits a born-over again experience." Withal, the handbook suggests that "born-over again questions are poor measures even for capturing evangelical respondents. ... it is likely that people who report a born-once more feel also claim information technology as an identity."[28]

Catholicism [edit]

Historically, the archetype text from John 3 was consistently interpreted by the early church building fathers as a reference to baptism.[29] Mod Cosmic interpreters have noted that the phrase 'built-in from above' or 'born again'[30] is antiseptic as 'being born of water and Spirit'.[31]

Cosmic commentator John F. McHugh notes, "Rebirth, and the commencement of this new life, are said to come almost ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος, of water and spirit. This phrase (without the article) refers to a rebirth which the early Church building regarded every bit taking place through baptism."[32]

The Canon of the Catholic Church (CCC) notes that the essential elements of Christian initiation are: "proclamation of the Give-and-take, acceptance of the Gospel entailing conversion, profession of faith, Baptism itself, and the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, and admission to Eucharistic communion."[33] Baptism gives the person the grace of forgiveness for all prior sins; it makes the newly baptized person a new beast and an adopted son of God;[34] information technology incorporates them into the Body of Christ[35] and creates a sacramental bond of unity leaving an enduring mark on our souls.[36] "Incorporated into Christ past Baptism, the person baptized is configured to Christ. Baptism seals the Christian with the enduring spiritual mark (character) of his belonging to Christ. No sin can erase this mark, even if sin prevents Baptism from begetting the fruits of salvation. Given one time for all, Baptism cannot be repeated."[37] The Holy Spirit is involved with each aspect of the motion of grace. "The first piece of work of the grace of the Holy Spirit is conversion. ... Moved past grace, man turns toward God and away from sin, thus accepting forgiveness and righteousness from on high."[38]

The Catholic Church too teaches that under special circumstances the need for h2o baptism tin can be superseded by the Holy Spirit in a 'baptism of desire', such equally when catechumens die or are martyred prior to receiving baptism.[39]

Pope John Paul Ii wrote in Catechesi Tradendae about "the problem of children baptized in infancy [who] come for catechesis in the parish without receiving any other initiation into the religion and still without whatsoever explicit personal attachment to Jesus Christ.".[40] He noted that "existence a Christian means saying 'yep' to Jesus Christ, but let the states call up that this 'yes' has two levels: It consists of surrendering to the discussion of God and relying on it, but information technology likewise means, at a later stage, endeavoring to know better—and better the profound pregnant of this word."[41]

The mod expression beingness "born over again" is really about the concept of "conversion".

The National Directory of Catechesis (published by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, USCCB) defines conversion as, "the acceptance of a personal relationship with Christ, a sincere adherence to him, and a willingness to conform one'due south life to his."[42] To put it more simply "Conversion to Christ involves making a genuine commitment to him and a personal decision to follow him as his disciple."[42]

Echoing the writings of Pope John Paul II, the National Directory of Catechesis describes a new intervention required by our modern globe called the "New Evangelization". The New Evangelization is directed to the Church herself, to the baptized who were never effectively evangelized before, to those who have never fabricated a personal commitment to Christ and the Gospel, to those formed past the values of the secular civilisation, to those who accept lost a sense of faith, and to those who are alienated.[43]

Declan O'Sullivan, co-founder of the Catholic Men's Fellowship and knight of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, wrote that the "New Evangelization emphasizes the personal run into with Jesus Christ as a pre-condition for spreading the gospel. The born-over again experience is not just an emotional, mystical loftier; the really important matter is what happened in the convert's life after the moment or menstruum of radical alter."[44]

Lutheranism [edit]

The Lutheran Church holds that "we are cleansed of our sins and born once more and renewed in Holy Baptism by the Holy Ghost. But she also teaches that whoever is baptized must, through daily contrition and repentance, drown The Sometime Adam so that daily a new human being come along and arise who walks before God in righteousness and purity forever. She teaches that whoever lives in sins after his baptism has again lost the grace of baptism."[45]

Moravianism [edit]

With regard to the New Birth, the Moravian Church building holds that a personal conversion to Christianity is a joyful feel, in which the private "accepts Christ as Lord" after which faith "daily grows inside the person."[46] For Moravians, "Christ lived as a homo because he wanted to provide a blueprint for future generations" and "a converted person could effort to live in his prototype and daily get more like Jesus."[46] Equally such, "center religion" characterizes Moravian Christianity.[46] The Moravian Church has historically emphasized evangelism, specially missionary work, to spread the faith.[47]

Anglicanism [edit]

The phrase born again is mentioned in the 39 Articles of the Anglican Church in article Xv, entitled "Of Christ lonely without Sin". In role, it reads: "sin, equally Due south. John saith, was non in Him. But all we the rest, although baptized and born again in Christ, still offend in many things: and if we say nosotros have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us."[48]

Although the phrase "baptized and born again in Christ" occurs in Commodity XV, the reference is clearly to the scripture passage in John 3:iii.[49]

Reformed [edit]

In Reformed theology, Holy Baptism is the sign and the seal of one's regeneration, which is of comfort to the laic.[50] The time of one's regeneration, however, is a mystery to oneself according to the Canons of Dort.[50]

According to the Reformed churches existence born again refers to "the inwards working of the Spirit which induces the sinner to respond to the effectual phone call". Co-ordinate to the Westminster Shorter Catechism, Q 88, "the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, especially the word, sacraments, and prayer; all of which are made effectual to the elect for salvation."[51] Effectual calling is "the work of God's Spirit, whereby, disarming us of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the noesis of Christ, and renewing our wills, he doth persuade and enable us to encompass Jesus Christ, freely offered to united states in the gospel."[52] [53]

In Reformed theology, "regeneration precedes faith."[54] Samuel Storms writes that, "Calvinists insist that the sole cause of regeneration or being born again is the will of God. God first sovereignly and efficaciously regenerates, and only in consequence of that do we act. Therefore, the individual is passive in regeneration, neither preparing himself nor making himself receptive to what God volition exercise. Regeneration is a change wrought in us by God, not an autonomous human action performed past us for ourselves."[55]

Quakerism [edit]

The Fundamental Yearly Meeting of Friends, a Holiness Quaker denomination, teaches that regeneration is the "divine piece of work of initial conservancy (Tit. 3:5), or conversion, which involves the accompanying works of justification (Rom. 5:18) and adoption (Rom. 8:15, xvi)."[3] In regeneration, which occurs in the New Birth], at that place is a "transformation in the centre of the believer wherein he finds himself a new creation in Christ (II Cor. 5:17; Col. 1:27)."[3]

Following the New Nascency, George Fox taught the possibility of "holiness of heart and life through the instantaneous baptism with the Holy Spirit subsequent to the new nascency" (cf. Christian perfection).[56]

Methodism [edit]

In Methodism, the "new birth is necessary for salvation considering it marks the move toward holiness. That comes with faith."[1] John Wesley, held that the New Nascency "is that great alter which God works in the soul when he brings it into life, when he raises information technology from the decease of sin to the life of righteousness."[58] [1] In the life of a Christian, the new nascence is considered the first work of grace.[59] In keeping with Wesleyan-Arminian covenant theology, the Articles of Faith, in Article XVII—Of Baptism, land that baptism is a "sign of regeneration or the new nascency."[60] The Methodist Company in describing this doctrine, admonishes individuals: "'Ye must be built-in again.' Yield to God that He may perform this work in and for yous. Acknowledge Him to your eye. 'Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved.'"[61] [62] Methodist theology teaches that the New Birth contains two phases that occur together, justification and regeneration:[63]

Though these two phases of the new nativity occur simultaneously, they are, in fact, two separate and distinct acts. Justification is that gracious and judicial act of God whereby a soul is granted complete absolution from all guilt and a full release from the penalty of sin (Romans 3:23-25). This human activity of divine grace is wrought past faith in the merits of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ (Romans v:1). Regeneration is the impartation of divine life which is manifested in that radical change in the moral character of man, from the dear and life of sin to the love of God and the life of righteousness (2 Corinthians 5:17; 1 Peter 1:23). ―Principles of Religion, Emmanuel Association of Churches[63]

Baptists [edit]

Baptists teach that a "person is born again when he/she repents of his/her sins and asks Jesus to forgive him/her and trust Jesus to serve him/her."[64] Those who have been born once more, according to Baptist teaching, know that they are "a child of God because the Holy Spirit witnesses to them that they are" (cf. assurance).[64]

Pentecostalism [edit]

Pentecost by Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld. Woodcut for "Die Bibel in Bildern", 1860.

Holiness Pentecostals historically teach the new birth (first work of grace), entire sanctification (second work of grace) and baptism with the Holy Spirit, as evidenced by glossolalia, as the 3rd work of grace.[65] [66] The New Nativity, according to Pentecostal teaching, imparts "spiritual life".[4]

Jehovah's Witnesses [edit]

Jehovah's Witnesses believe that individuals do non have the power to choose to be built-in over again, just that God calls and selects his followers "from above".[67] Simply those belonging to the "144,000" are considered to be born again.[68] [69]

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints [edit]

The Volume of Mormon emphasizes the need for everyone to be reborn of God.[70]

Disagreements between denominations [edit]

The term "built-in again" is used by several Christian denominations, merely there are disagreements on what the term means, and whether members of other denominations are justified in challenge to be built-in-once again Christians.

Catholic Answers says:

Catholics should ask [Evangelical] Protestants, "Are you born over again—the way the Bible understands that concept?" If the Evangelical has not been properly h2o baptized, he has non been born again "the Bible way," regardless of what he may call up.[71]

On the other hand, an Evangelical site argues:

Another of many examples is the Catholic who claims he also is "born again." ... However, what the committed Catholic means is that he received his spiritual birth when he was baptized—either as an infant or when every bit an adult he converted to Catholicism. That's not what Jesus meant when He told Nicodemus he "must be built-in again."[72] The deliberate adoption of biblical terms which have different meanings for Catholics has become an effective tool in Rome's ecumenical calendar.[73]

The Reformed view of regeneration may be set up apart from other outlooks in at least two ways.

First, classical Roman Catholicism teaches that regeneration occurs at baptism, a view known as baptismal regeneration. Reformed theology has insisted that regeneration may accept identify at whatever time in a person's life, fifty-fifty in the womb. It is not somehow the automatic result of baptism. Second, it is common for many other evangelical branches of the church to speak of repentance and faith leading to regeneration (i.e., people are born again simply after they exercise saving faith). By contrast, Reformed theology teaches that original sin and full depravity deprive all people of the moral ability and will to exercise saving religion. ... Regeneration is entirely the work of God the Holy Spirit - nosotros tin can do nothing on our own to obtain information technology. God alone raises the elect from spiritual death to new life in Christ.[74] [75]

History and usage [edit]

Historically, Christianity has used various metaphors to depict its rite of initiation, that is, spiritual regeneration via the sacrament of baptism past the power of the water and the spirit. This remains the mutual agreement in most of Christendom, held, for case, in Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, Lutheranism,[45] Anglicanism,[76] and in other historic branches of Protestantism. Nevertheless, sometime after the Reformation, Evangelicalism attributed greater significance to the expression born again [77] as an experience of religious conversion,[78] symbolized by deep-h2o baptism, and rooted in a commitment to one's own personal religion in Jesus Christ for salvation. This aforementioned conventionalities is, historically, likewise an integral part of Methodist doctrine,[79] [fourscore] and is connected with the doctrine of Justification.[81]

According to Encyclopædia Britannica:

'Rebirth' has often been identified with a definite, temporally datable class of 'conversion'. ... With the voluntaristic type, rebirth is expressed in a new alignment of the will, in the liberation of new capabilities and powers that were hitherto undeveloped in the person concerned. With the intellectual blazon, it leads to an activation of the capabilities for understanding, to the quantum of a "vision". With others it leads to the discovery of an unexpected beauty in the social club of nature or to the discovery of the mysterious meaning of history. With still others it leads to a new vision of the moral life and its orders, to a selfless realization of beloved of neighbour. ... each person afflicted perceives his life in Christ at whatever given time as "newness of life."[82]

According to J. Gordon Melton:

Built-in again is a phrase used by many Protestants to describe the phenomenon of gaining faith in Jesus Christ. It is an experience when everything they have been taught every bit Christians becomes real, and they develop a direct and personal human relationship with God.[83]

According to Andrew Purves and Charles Partee:

Sometimes the phrase seems to be judgmental, making a distinction between genuine and nominal Christians. Sometimes ... descriptive, like the distinction between liberal and conservative Christians. Occasionally, the phrase seems historic, similar the division betwixt Catholic and Protestant Christians. ... [the term] usually includes the notion of human being choice in salvation and excludes a view of divine election by grace alone.[84]

The term born again has go widely associated with the evangelical Christian renewal since the late 1960s, beginning in the United States and then around the world. Associated perhaps initially with Jesus People and the Christian counterculture, born again came to refer to a conversion experience, accepting Jesus Christ as lord and savior in order to exist saved from hell and given eternal life with God in heaven, and was increasingly used as a term to identify devout believers.[12] By the mid-1970s, built-in once more Christians were increasingly referred to in the mainstream media as part of the born again motility.

In 1976, Watergate conspirator Chuck Colson'due south book Born Again gained international notice. Time mag named him "1 of the 25 virtually influential Evangelicals in America."[85] The term was sufficiently prevalent so that during the twelvemonth's presidential campaign, Democratic party nominee Jimmy Carter described himself as "born again" in the outset Playboy magazine interview of an American presidential candidate.

Colson describes his path to faith in conjunction with his criminal imprisonment and played a meaning role in solidifying the "born over again" identity as a cultural construct in the Usa. He writes that his spiritual experience followed considerable struggle and hesitancy to take a "personal encounter with God." He recalls:

while I sabbatum lonely staring at the ocean I love, words I had not been certain I could understand or say fell from my lips: "Lord Jesus, I believe in You. I take You. Please come up into my life. I commit it to You." With these few words...came a sureness of mind that matched the depth of feeling in my heart. At that place came something more: strength and serenity, a wonderful new assurance nigh life, a fresh perception of myself in the earth around me.[86]

Jimmy Carter was the beginning President of the U.s.a. to publicly declare that he was born-again, in 1976.[87] By the 1980 campaign, all 3 major candidates stated that they had been born over again.[88]

Sider and Knippers[89] land that "Ronald Reagan's election that autumn [was] aided by the votes of 61% of 'built-in-once again' white Protestants."

The Gallup Organization reported that "In 2003, 42% of U.S. adults said they were born-again or evangelical; the 2004 per centum is 41%" and that, "Black Americans are far more likely to identify themselves every bit built-in-again or evangelical, with 63% of blacks saying they are built-in-once more, compared with 39% of white Americans. Republicans are far more probable to say they are born-over again (52%) than Democrats (36%) or independents (32%)."[90]

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics, referring to several studies, reports "that 'born-again' identification is associated with lower support for government anti-poverty programs." It also notes that "self-reported built-in-again" Christianity, "strongly shapes attitudes towards economic policy."[91]

Names which take been inspired past the term [edit]

The idea of "rebirth in Christ" has inspired[92] some mutual European forenames: French René/Renée, Dutch Renaat/Renate, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Croatian Renato/Renata, Latin Renatus/Renata, all of which mean "reborn", "born again".[93]

Encounter also [edit]

  • Chantry call – Tradition in some Christian churches
  • Baptismal regeneration – Doctrines held by major Christian denomination
  • Born-over again virgin – Person who commits to abstinence later having had sexual intercourse
  • Child dedication – Human action of induction of children
  • Jesus movement – Onetime evangelical Christian movement
  • Dvija – Twice-born condition of Hindu male after Upanayana
  • Evangelism – Preaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ
  • Monergism – View within Christian theology
  • Sinner's prayer – Evangelical Christian term referring to any prayer of repentance

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c Joyner, F. Belton (2007). United Methodist Questions, United Methodist Answers: Exploring Christian Faith. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 39. ISBN9780664230395 . Retrieved 10 April 2014. The new birth is necessary for salvation because it marks the motion toward holiness. That comes with religion.
  2. ^ Cathcart, William (1883). The Baptist Encyclopaedia: A Dictionary of the Doctrines, Ordinances ... of the General History of the Baptist Denomination in All Lands, with Numerous Biographical Sketches...& a Supplement. L. H. Everts. p. 834.
  3. ^ a b c Manual of Faith and Exercise of Cardinal Yearly Coming together of Friends. Central Yearly Meeting of Friends. 2018. p. 26.
  4. ^ a b Wood, William W. (1965). Culture and Personality Aspects of the Pentecostal Holiness Faith. Mouton & Company. p. 18. ISBN978-iii-11-204424-7.
  5. ^ a b Bornstein, Erica (2005). The spirit of development: Protestant NGOs, morality, and economics in Zimbabwe. Stanford University Press. ISBN9780804753364 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. A senior staff member in World Vision's California office elaborated on the importance of beingness "born once more," emphasizing a fundamental "relationship" betwixt individuals and Jesus Christ: "...the importance of a personal relationship with Christ [is] that it'southward not just a thing of going to Christ or being baptized when you are an babe. We believe that people need to be regenerated. They need a spiritual rebirth. The demand to be born again. ...Yous must be born again before yous can see, or enter, the Kingdom of Sky."
  6. ^ a b Lever, A. B. (2007). And God Said... ISBN9781604771152 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. From speaking to other Christians I know that the distinction of a born once again laic is a personal experience of God that leads to a personal relationship with Him.
  7. ^ Price, Robert Chiliad. (1993). Across Born Again: Toward Evangelical Maturity. Wildside Printing. ISBN9781434477484 . Retrieved thirty July 2011. I have a personal human relationship with Jesus Christ.
  8. ^ John 3:3-v
  9. ^ Danker, Frederick Westward., et al, A Greek-English Dictionary of the New Testament and Other Early on Christian Literature, 3rd ed (Chicago: University of Chicago,2010), 92. Specifically see the first (from in a higher place) and 4th (again, afresh) meanings.
  10. ^ Jn 3:3 Internet
  11. ^ Jn iii:iii NET
  12. ^ a b Mullen, MS., in Kurian, GT., The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization, J. Wiley & Sons, 2012, p. 302.
  13. ^ Jn 1:five
  14. ^ cf. Jn 1:12-13; 1Jn 2:29, 3:9, 4:7, 5:18
  15. ^ Hoskyns, Sir Edwyn C. and Davy, F.N.(ed), The Fourth Gospel, Faber & Faber 2nd ed. 1947, pp. 211,212
  16. ^ 1Peter 1:22-23
  17. ^ a b Fisichella, SJ., Taking Away the Veil: To See Beyond the Drapery of Illusion, iUniverse, 2003, pp. 55-56.
  18. ^ Emmons, Samuel B. A Bible Dictionary. BiblioLife, 2008. ISBN 978-0-554-89108-8.
  19. ^ 1Peter i:23
  20. ^ Driscoll, James F. "Divine Hope (in Scripture)". The Cosmic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Visitor, 1911. 15 November 2009.[i]
  21. ^ "Systematic Theology - Book III - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". www.ccel.org . Retrieved 11 September 2019.
  22. ^ The New Testament Greek Lexicon. xxx July 2009.
  23. ^ Stagg, Evelyn and Frank. Woman in the World of Jesus. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1978. ISBN 0-664-24195-6
  24. ^ Wesley, J., The works of the Reverend John Wesley, Methodist Episcopal Church, 1831, pp. 405–406.
  25. ^ LeFevre, CF. and Williamson, ID., The Gospel ballast. Troy, NY, 1831–32, p. 66. [two]
  26. ^ a b c Ehrman, Bart (2016). Jesus Before the Gospels: How the Earliest Christians Remembered, Changed, and Invented Their Stories of the Savior. HarperOne. pp. 108–109. ISBN978-0062285201.
  27. ^ "Biblical Errancy: The "Born Again" Dialogue In the Gospel of John". Biblical Errancy . Retrieved xi September 2019.
  28. ^ The Oxford Handbook of Faith and American Politics, OUP, p16.
  29. ^ Joel C. Elworthy, Ed. Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture, New Testament IVa, John 1-10 (Downers Grove: Intervarsity Press, 2007), p. 109-110
  30. ^ John 3:iii
  31. ^ John 3:5
  32. ^ John F. McHugh, John i-4, The International Critical Commentary (New York: T&T Clark, 2009), p. 227
  33. ^ CCC 1229
  34. ^ ii Corinthians v:17; 2 Peter ane:4
  35. ^ Ephesians 4:25
  36. ^ CCC 1262-1274
  37. ^ CCC 1272
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External links [edit]

  • The New Nascency, John Wesley, sermon No. 45. Wesley's teaching on beingness born over again, and argument that it is central to Christianity.

lykeyonge1956.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born_again

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